The $59 whole house ad is a bait and switch. There is a federal name for it.
This is not a figure of speech. Bait and switch is a defined, illegal practice under federal law.
Bait and switch is prohibited under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, the truth-in-advertising statute passed in 1914. The FTC issued a formal Notice of Penalty Offenses Concerning Bait and Switch Sales Practices in 1975, and every state has its own version, generally called a Little FTC Act or a UDAP statute.
Carpet companies specifically appear in that enforcement record. Wilbanks Carpet Specialists, 84 F.T.C. 510 (1974). Holiday Carpets, 76 F.T.C. 673 (1969). And a 1976 order against a carpet distributor required it to stop using bait and switch tactics and to stop misrepresenting free goods and services — which is precisely the free deodoriser play described above.
The pattern has not changed in fifty years, because it works. An advertised price gets somebody in the door. The real price arrives once a stranger is standing in your living room with equipment running and you feel committed.
Here is what you will actually hear, close to word for word:
"That price is for a basic clean, you need a deep clean." — There is no such thing as a basic clean. Cleaning carpet is one chemical process. What they are describing as basic is that process with steps removed.
"We did not know you had pets, that needs enzyme." — They did not ask. Not asking is the technique, because the question would have set your expectation before they arrived.
"Protector is not included in that price." — Correct, and it never was, because the advertised number could not cover it. That was the plan when the ad was written.
"Heavy soil is extra." — A category with no definition, assessed by the person being paid more if it applies.
And the oldest one in the trade: the room count. A hallway becomes a room. A walk-in closet becomes a room. A foyer becomes a room. A living room over a certain size becomes two rooms. Five rooms for $49 turns into nine rooms and a service fee, and it happens after the truck is already in your driveway.
The tell is simple and it works every time. Ask for the complete number before anybody starts, in writing, including every add-on for your specific house with your specific pets. A company that intends to price honestly can answer that on the phone in two minutes. A company running the play cannot, because the entire business model requires you not to know.
A hallway is not a room. A closet is not a room. If the number changes after the truck arrives, that is the product.